David, S. & Kroner, A. Repertoire of microglial and macrophage responses after spinal wire harm. Nat. Rev. Neurosci. 12, 388–399 (2011).
Block, M. L., Zecca, L. & Hong, J. S. Microglia-mediated neurotoxicity: uncovering the molecular mechanisms. Nat. Rev. Neurosci. 8, 57–69 (2007).
Ulndreaj, A., Badner, A. & Fehlings, M. G. Promising neuroprotective methods for traumatic spinal wire harm with a give attention to the differential results amongst anatomical ranges of harm. F1000Research 6, 1907 (2017).
Li, L. et al. A MnO2 nanoparticle-dotted hydrogel promotes spinal wire restore through regulating reactive oxygen species microenvironment and synergizing with mesenchymal stem cells. ACS Nano 13, 14283–14293 (2019).
Zhang, N. et al. A 3D fiber-hydrogel primarily based non-viral gene supply platform reveals that microRNAs promote axon regeneration and improve useful restoration following spinal wire harm. Adv. Sci. 8, e2100805 (2021).
Chen, B. et al. Reactivation of dormant relay pathways in injured spinal wire by KCC2 manipulations. Cell 174, 521–535.e13 (2018).
Wilson, J. M., Blagovechtchenski, E. & Brownstone, R. M. Genetically outlined inhibitory neurons within the mouse spinal wire dorsal horn: a potential supply of rhythmic inhibition of motoneurons throughout fictive locomotion. J. Neurosci. 30, 1137–1148 (2010).
Haring, M. et al. Neuronal atlas of the dorsal horn defines its structure and hyperlinks sensory enter to transcriptional cell sorts. Nat. Neurosci. 21, 869–880 (2018).
Brommer, B. et al. Bettering hindlimb locomotor perform by non-invasive AAV-mediated manipulations of propriospinal neurons in mice with full spinal wire harm. Nat. Commun. 12, 781 (2021).
Courtine, G. & Sofroniew, M. V. Spinal wire restore: advances in biology and expertise. Nat. Med. 25, 898–908 (2019).
Ramirez-Jarquin, U. N., Lazo-Gomez, R., Tovar, Y. R. L. B. & Tapia, R. Spinal inhibitory circuits and their function in motor neuron degeneration. Neuropharmacology 82, 101–107 (2014).
Matsuya, R., Ushiyama, J. & Ushiba, J. Inhibitory interneuron circuits at cortical and spinal ranges are related to particular person variations in corticomuscular coherence throughout isometric voluntary contraction. Sci. Rep. 7, 44417 (2017).
Ramirez-Jarquin, U. N. & Tapia, R. Excitatory and inhibitory neuronal circuits within the spinal wire and their function within the management of motor neuron perform and degeneration. ACS Chem. Neurosci. 9, 211–216 (2018).
Rivera, C. et al. The Okay+/Cl– co-transporter KCC2 renders GABA hyperpolarizing throughout neuronal maturation. Nature 397, 251–255 (1999).
Boulenguez, P. et al. Down-regulation of the potassium-chloride cotransporter KCC2 contributes to spasticity after spinal wire harm. Nat. Med. 16, 302–307 (2010).
Gagnon, M. et al. Chloride extrusion enhancers as novel therapeutics for neurological illnesses. Nat. Med. 19, 1524–1528 (2013).
Reinig, S., Driever, W. & Arrenberg, A. B. The descending diencephalic dopamine system is tuned to sensory stimuli. Curr. Biol. 27, 318–333 (2017).
Li, Y. et al. Pericytes impair capillary blood circulation and motor perform after continual spinal wire harm. Nat. Med. 23, 733–741 (2017).
Sharples, S. A. et al. A dynamic function for dopamine receptors within the management of mammalian spinal networks. Sci. Rep. 10, 16429 (2020).
Grillner, S. & Jessell, T. M. Measured movement: looking for simplicity in spinal locomotor networks. Curr. Opin. Neurobiol. 19, 572–586 (2009).
Li, W. C. & Moult, P. R. The management of locomotor frequency by excitation and inhibition. J. Neurosci. 32, 6220–6230 (2012).
Kiehn, O. Decoding the group of spinal circuits that management locomotion. Nat. Rev. Neurosci. 17, 224–238 (2016).
Jiang, X. C. et al. Neural stem cells transfected with reactive oxygen species–responsive polyplexes for efficient remedy of ischemic stroke. Adv. Mater. 31, e1807591 (2019).
Liu, P. et al. Biomimetic dendrimer–peptide conjugates for early multi-target remedy of Alzheimer’s illness by inflammatory microenvironment modulation. Adv. Mater. 33, e2100746 (2021).
Lu, Y. et al. Microenvironment reworking micelles for Alzheimer’s illness remedy by early modulation of activated microglia. Adv. Sci. 6, 1801586 (2019).
Xu, W. et al. Elevated manufacturing of reactive oxygen species contributes to motor neuron loss of life in a compression mouse mannequin of spinal wire harm. Spinal Wire 43, 204–213 (2005).
Zhang, M. et al. Oxidation and temperature twin responsive polymers primarily based on phenylboronic acid and N-isopropylacrylamide motifs. Polym. Chem. 7, 1494–1504 (2016).
Lin, L. et al. Nanodrug with ROS and pH dual-sensitivity ameliorates liver fibrosis through multicellular regulation. Adv. Sci. 7, 1903138 (2020).
Zhang, D., Fan, Y., Chen, H., Trepout, S. & Li, M. H. CO2-activated reversible transition between polymersomes and micelles with AIE fluorescence. Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 58, 10260–10265 (2019).
Suk, J. S., Xu, Q., Kim, N., Hanes, J. & Ensign, L. M. PEGylation as a method for enhancing nanoparticle-based drug and gene supply. Adv. Drug Deliv. Rev. 99, 28–51 (2016).
Hu, J. et al. Lengthy circulating polymeric nanoparticles for gene/drug supply. Curr. Drug Metab. 19, 723–738 (2018).
Zhang, Z. et al. Circulatory disturbance of rat spinal wire induced by occluding ligation of the dorsal spinal vein. Acta Neuropathol. 102, 335–338 (2001).
Farrar, M. J., Rubin, J. D., Diago, D. M. & Schaffer, C. B. Characterization of blood circulation within the mouse dorsal spinal venous system earlier than and after dorsal spinal vein occlusion. J. Cereb. Blood Move. Metab. 35, 667–675 (2015).
Bartanusz, V., Jezova, D., Alajajian, B. & Digicaylioglu, M. The blood–spinal wire barrier: morphology and medical implications. Ann. Neurol. 70, 194–206 (2011).
Jin, L. Y. et al. Blood–spinal wire barrier in spinal wire harm: a overview. J. Neurotrauma 38, 1203–1224 (2021).
Zrzavy, T. et al. Acute and non-resolving irritation affiliate with oxidative harm after human spinal wire harm. Mind 144, 144–161 (2021).
Cooney, S. J., Zhao, Y. & Byrnes, Okay. R. Characterization of the expression and inflammatory exercise of NADPH oxidase after spinal wire harm. Free Radic. Res. 48, 929–939 (2014).
Bakh, N. A. et al. Glucose-responsive insulin by molecular and bodily design. Nat. Chem. 9, 937–943 (2017).
Chou, D. H. et al. Glucose-responsive insulin exercise by covalent modification with aliphatic phenylboronic acid conjugates. Proc. Natl Acad. Sci. USA 112, 2401–2406 (2015).
Ahuja, C. S. et al. Traumatic spinal wire harm. Nat. Rev. Dis. Prim. 3, 17018 (2017).
Li, X. et al. The impact of a nanofiber-hydrogel composite on neural tissue restore and regeneration within the contused spinal wire. Biomaterials 245, 119978 (2020).
Schucht, P., Raineteau, O., Schwab, M. E. & Fouad, Okay. Anatomical correlates of locomotor restoration following dorsal and ventral lesions of the rat spinal wire. Exp. Neurol. 176, 143–153 (2002).
Qiao, Y. et al. Spinal dopaminergic mechanisms regulating the micturition reflex in male rats with full spinal wire harm. J. Neurotrauma 38, 803–817 (2021).
Shi, Y. et al. Efficient restore of traumatically injured spinal wire by nanoscale block copolymer micelles. Nat. Nanotechnol. 5, 80–87 (2010).
Ye, J. et al. Rationally designed, self-assembling, multifunctional hydrogel depot repairs extreme spinal wire harm. Adv. Well being. Mater. 10, e2100242 (2021).
Watson, C. et al. in The Spinal Wire Ch 15 (Educational Press, 2008).
Hong, L. T. A. et al. An injectable hydrogel enhances tissue restore after spinal wire harm by selling extracellular matrix reworking. Nat. Commun. 8, 533 (2017).
Basso, D. M., Beattie, M. S. & Bresnahan, J. C. Graded histological and locomotor outcomes after spinal wire contusion utilizing the NYU weight-drop machine versus transection. Exp. Neurol. 139, 244–256 (1996).
Wenger, N. et al. Spatiotemporal neuromodulation therapies participating muscle synergies enhance motor management after spinal wire harm. Nat. Med. 22, 138–145 (2016).