The liver is a crucial organ that capabilities to detoxify the physique. Liver most cancers and infectious ailments resembling influenza and malaria can fatally compromise liver perform. mRNA supply is a comparatively new technique of therapeutic therapy which permits expression of tumor or pathogenic antigens, and elicits immune responses for therapeutic or prophylactic impact. Novel nanoparticles with distinctive organic properties serving as mRNA carriers have allowed mRNA-based therapeutics to turn out to be extra clinically viable and related. On this overview, we spotlight current progress in growth of nanoparticle-based mRNA supply programs for therapy of assorted liver ailments. First, we current developments in nanoparticle programs used to ship mRNAs, with particular deal with enhanced mobile uptake and endosomal escape achieved by using these nanoparticles. To offer context for ailments that concentrate on the liver, we offer an summary of the perform and construction of the liver, in addition to the position of the immune system within the liver. Then, mRNA-based therapeutic approaches for addressing HCC are highlighted. We additionally focus on nanoparticle-based mRNA vaccines for treating hepatotropic infectious ailments. Lastly, we current present challenges within the medical translation of nanoparticle-based mRNA supply programs and supply outlooks for his or her utilization in treating liver-related ailments.